Why We Need Ultra-low Temperature Cold Storages?

I. Definition and Applications

Ultra-low temperature cold storage is a type of cold storage specifically designed for storing items that require preservation at extremely low temperatures. The temperature is typically controlled between -40°C and -80°C, or even lower. This type of cold storage has wide applications in various fields, including food, life sciences, medicine, chemistry, electronics, and aerospace. In the food industry, ultra-low temperature cold storage is commonly used to preserve expensive seafood products such as tuna, swordfish, and marlin that require long-term storage, as well as high-quality fruits and vegetables. In the medical field, ultra-low temperature cold storage is used to preserve biological samples, vaccines, pharmaceuticals, and other items that require long-term preservation.

II. Working Principle of the Refrigeration System

The refrigeration system of an ultra-low temperature cold storage uses a refrigerant cycle to control the temperature. This cycle typically consists of four main components: a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion valve. The refrigerant circulates among these components, completing the cooling and heating processes. Specifically, the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas in the compressor, then enters the condenser to dissipate heat and become a high-pressure liquid. Next, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is rapidly depressurized through the expansion valve, transforming into a low-pressure liquid-gas mixture and causing a rapid drop in temperature. Finally, the refrigerant flows within the evaporator, absorbing heat from the surrounding air or the items inside the cold storage, evaporating and becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure gas, thus maintaining the required ultra-low temperature environment.

III. Features and Advantages

• Long Storage Time: Due to the use of artificial refrigeration technology, ultra-low temperature cold storage can extend the shelf life of stored items.

• Excellent Preservation Performance: In the ultra-low temperature environment, the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and enzyme activity are inhibited, thereby maintaining the freshness and nutritional value of the items.

• High Efficiency and Energy Saving: The refrigeration system of ultra-low temperature cold storage typically employs advanced energy-saving technologies to reduce energy consumption and improve operational efficiency.

• Safe and Reliable: Ultra-low temperature cold storage operates stably and reliably, with multiple safety protection measures to ensure the safety of stored items.

IV. Construction Conditions and Requirements

• Site Selection and Layout: Ultra-low temperature cold storage should be located in a dry, well-ventilated, and well-drained location, avoiding direct sunlight and rain. At the same time, the layout should be rationally designed according to the type and quantity of stored items to ensure maximum space utilization.

• Materials and Equipment: Ultra-low temperature cold storage facilities should utilize high-quality insulation materials and refrigeration equipment to ensure excellent insulation performance and refrigeration efficiency. Simultaneously, efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly equipment should be selected to reduce energy consumption and lower operating costs.

• Construction and Installation: The construction and installation of ultra-low temperature cold storage facilities should adhere to relevant standards and specifications to ensure construction quality and safety. During construction, environmental factors such as temperature and humidity should be strictly controlled to ensure the stability and reliability of the cold storage facility.

• Acceptance and Commissioning: After the ultra-low temperature cold storage facility is completed, rigorous acceptance and commissioning work should be carried out. Acceptance includes the appearance, dimensions, insulation performance, and refrigeration effect of the cold storage facility. Commissioning work includes the commissioning of the refrigeration system, control system, and safety protection measures.

V. Market and Development Trends

With continuous technological advancements and increasing demands for the quality of food, pharmaceuticals, and other goods, the market demand for ultra-low temperature cold storage facilities is constantly increasing. In the future, ultra-low temperature cold storage facilities will develop towards greater intelligence, efficiency, and environmental friendliness. For example, advanced IoT, automation, and artificial intelligence technologies can be adopted to improve the automation and intelligence levels of cold storage facilities; more environmentally friendly refrigerants and energy-saving technologies can be used to reduce energy consumption and environmental impact; and the monitoring and management of stored goods will be strengthened to improve storage efficiency and safety.

In conclusion, ultra-low temperature cold storage has wide applications and significant value in multiple fields. With continuous technological advancements and increasing market demand, ultra-low temperature cold storage will continue to develop towards greater intelligence, efficiency, and environmental friendliness.